Django实战（一）- 搭建简单的博客系统

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目录：

1.要求

1、用户可以注册、登录
2、登陆后，用户可以发表博客、查看博客列表、修改博客、删除博客；博客包含标题、内容、照片
3、如果用户没有登录就尝试发表博客、修改博客、删除博客，提示用户去登录
4、每个用户只能看见自己发表的博客
5、提供标题关键词查找功能，查找后列出所有标题包含关键字的博客

2.代码操作

blogapp文件树形图

blogapp文件树形图

  • blogForm.py
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from django.forms import Form,widgets,fields,ValidationError









class register(Form):

    userName = fields.CharField(max_length=10)

    password = fields.CharField(max_length=10,widget=widgets.PasswordInput)

    repassword = fields.CharField(max_length=10,widget=widgets.PasswordInput)



    def  clean(self):



        password = self.cleaned_data['password']

        repassword = self.cleaned_data['repassword']

        if not password == repassword:

            myerror = '两次密码不一致,请重新输入'

            raise ValidationError(myerror)



        return self.cleaned_data





class login(Form):

    userName = fields.CharField(max_length=10)

    password = fields.CharField(max_length=10,widget=widgets.PasswordInput)



class BlogForm(Form):

    title = fields.CharField(max_length=20)

    content = fields.CharField(max_length=200)

    pic = fields.ImageField()
  • html
  • addblog.html
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>添加博客</title>

</head>

<body>

        <form action="https://ask.hellobi.com/{{request.path}}" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="POST">

            {% csrf_token %}

            标题：{{blogform.title}}<br>

            内容：{{blogform.content}}<br>

            配图：{{blogform.pic}}<br>

            <input type="submit" value="发表">



        </form>

         <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:bloglist' %}">返回文章列表</a>





</body>

</html>
  • html
  • bloglist.html
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>显示博客列表</title>

</head>

<body>

        <form action="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:search' %}" method="get">

            <input type="text" name="keyword" value="{{ keyword }}">

            <input type="submit" value="查询">



        </form>

        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:addblog' %}">写博客</a>





    <h1>文章列表：</h1><br>

    {% for blog in blogs %}

        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:detailblog' %}?blogid={{blog.id}}">{{blog.title}}</a>

        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:editblog' %}?blogid={{blog.id}}">修改</a>|

        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:delblog' %}?blogid={{blog.id}}">删除</a><br>

    {% endfor %}

    <!--这里'blogapp:detailblog'是因为setting中给blogapp加了命名空间，为了区别不同的代码功能，也看不加-->



        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:bloglist' %}">返回文章列表</a>



        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:logout' %}">用户注销</a>



</body>

</html>
  • html
  • detailblog.html
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>显示每篇博客的内容</title>

</head>

<body>





    文章标题：{{blog.title}}<br>

    内   容：{{blog.content}}<br>

    配   图：![]({{blog.pic.url}})





</body>

</html>
  • html
  • editblog.html
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>添加博客</title>

</head>

<body>

        <form action="https://ask.hellobi.com/{{request.path}}" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">

            {% csrf_token %}

            <input type="hidden" value="{{ id }}">

            标题：{{blogform.title}}<br>

            内容：{{blogform.content}}<br>

            配图：{{blogform.pic}}<br>

            <input type="submit" value="修改">



        </form>

         <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:bloglist' %}">返回文章列表</a>







</body>

</html>
  • html
  • login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>登录</title>

</head>

<body>

    <form action="https://ask.hellobi.com/{{request.path}}" method="POST">

        {% csrf_token %}



        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'register' %}">没有账号？去注册</a><br>





        用户名：{{loginform.userName}}<br>

        密   码：{{loginform.password}}<br>{{error}}<br>



        <input type="submit" value="登录">

         <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:bloglist' %}">博客列表</a>







    </form>





</body>

</html>
  • html
  • register.html
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>注册页面</title>

</head>

<body>

    <form action="" method="post">

        {% csrf_token %}

        用户名：{{form.userName}}{{error}}<br>

        密  码：{{form.password}}<br>

        确认密码：{{form.repassword}}<br>{{form.non_field_errors}}<br>



    <input type="submit" value="注册">

    <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'bloglogin' %}">已有账号,去登录</a>





        </form>

</body>

</html>
  • html
  • loginsuc.html
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>登录成功</title>

</head>

<body>

    登陆成功了，开不开心，意不意外。怎么还有一个网页？哈哈哈哈哈哈～



    <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:bloglist' %}">博客列表</a>



</body>

</html>
  • html
  • search.html
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>显示博客列表</title>

</head>

<body>



    文章列表：<br>

    {% for blog in blogs %}

        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:detailblog' %}?blogid={{blog.id}}">{{blog.title}}</a>

        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:editblog' %}?blogid={{blog.id}}">修改</a>|

        <a href="https://ask.hellobi.com/{% url 'blogapp:delblog' %}?blogid={{blog.id}}">删除</a><br>

    {% endfor %}

    <!--这里'blogapp:detailblog'是因为setting中给blogapp加了命名空间，为了区别不同的代码功能，也看不加-->







</body>

</html>
  • views
  • user_views.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from __future__ import unicode_literals



from django.shortcuts import render,redirect

from blogapp.models import User

from django.http import HttpResponse

from blogapp import models



from blogapp.blogForms import blogForm



# Create your views here.

#注册功能

def register(request):

    if request.method == 'GET':

        form = blogForm.register()

        return render(request,'blogapp/register.html',{'form':form})

    elif request.method == 'POST':

        form = blogForm.register(request.POST)

        if form.is_valid():

            temp = models.User.objects.filter(userName=form.cleaned_data['userName']).exists()



            if temp == False:

                userModel = User()

                userModel.userName = form.cleaned_data['userName']

                userModel.password = form.cleaned_data['password']



                userModel.save()

                return HttpResponse('数据提交成功!快去登录吧.')

            else:

                error = '用户名已经存在，请换一个用户名试试!'

                return render(request,'blogapp/register.html',{'form':form,'error':error})



        else:

            return render(request,'blogapp/register.html',{'form':form})



#登录功能

def login(request):

    if request.method == 'GET':

        loginform = blogForm.login()

        return render(request,'blogapp/login.html',{'loginform':loginform})

    elif request.method == 'POST':

        loginform = blogForm.login(request.POST,)

        if loginform.is_valid():

            userName = loginform.cleaned_data['userName']

            password = loginform.cleaned_data['password']



            user = models.User.objects.filter(userName=userName).filter(password=password)

            if user.exists():

                request.session['user_id'] = user[0].id



                return render(request,'blogapp/loginsuc.html')

            else:

                error = '用户名或者密码输入有误，请重试'

                return render(request,'blogapp/login.html',{'loginform':loginform,'error':error})

        else:

            return render(request,'blogapp/login.html',{'loginform':loginform})

    else:

        return redirect('https://www.zhihu.com/')



#注销功能

def logout(request):

    userId = request.session.get('user_id',None)

    if not userId == None:

        del request.session['user_id']

        return HttpResponse('注销成功')

    else:

        return HttpResponse('你的操作不合法')
  • views
  • blog_views.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from __future__ import unicode_literals





from django.shortcuts import render,redirect

from blogapp.models import User

from django.http import HttpResponse

from blogapp import models



from blogapp.blogForms import blogForm



from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse #引入重定向的包





#验证用户是否登录

def checkLogin(session):

    #session 键user_id如果不存在对应的值

    id = session.get('user_id',None)

    if id==None:

        #转到登录页面

        return False,redirect(reverse('blogapp:bloglogin'))

    else:

        return True,id



#增加博客内容

def addBlog(request):

    #强制登录验证

    isPassed,next=checkLogin(request.session)

    if not isPassed:

        return next

    if request.method == 'GET':

       blogform = blogForm.BlogForm()

       return render(request,'blogapp/addblog.html',{'blogform':blogform})

    elif request.method == 'POST':

        submitForm = blogForm.BlogForm(request.POST,request.FILES)

        if submitForm.is_valid():

            newBlog = models.Blog()

            newBlog.pic = submitForm.cleaned_data['pic']

            newBlog.title = submitForm.cleaned_data['title']

            newBlog.content = submitForm.cleaned_data['content']

            newBlog.authorId = request.session['user_id']



            newBlog.save()



            return HttpResponse('发表成功QAQ.')

        else:

            return render(request,'blogapp/addblog.html',{'blogform':submitForm})



#显示首页

def index(request):

    return render(request,'blogapp/index.html')







#显示博客列表

def list(request):

    isPassed,next=checkLogin(request.session)

    if not isPassed:

        return next

    userId = request.session.get('user_id')

    #查找authorId和session中和user_id一致的博客

    list = models.Blog.objects.filter(authorId=userId).filter(isDelete=1)

    return render(request,'blogapp/bloglist.html',{'blogs':list})



#显示博客文章内容

def detailBlog(request):

    isPassed,next=checkLogin(request.session)

    if not isPassed:

        return next

    #从选择器中提取博客ID

    blogId = request.GET.get('blogid',0) #默认为0

    blog = models.Blog.objects.get(pk=blogId)

    return render(request,'blogapp/detailblog.html',{'blog':blog})



#修改博客内容

def editBlog(request):

    isPassed,next=checkLogin(request.session)

    if not isPassed:

        return next

    if request.method == 'GET':

        #从选择器中提取博客ID

        blogId = request.GET.get('blogid',0)

        blog = models.Blog.objects.get(pk=blogId)

        blogform = blogForm.BlogForm(initial={

                'title':blog.title,

                'content':blog.content,

                'pic':blog.pic

        })

        return render(request,'blogapp/editblog.html',{'blogform':blogform,'id':blogId})

    elif request.method == 'POST':

        submitForm = blogForm.BlogForm(request.POST,request.FILES)

        id = request.POST.get('id',0)

        if submitForm.is_valid():

            user_id = request.session['user_id']

            #查找当前用户发表的博客

            newBlog = models.Blog.objects.filter(authorId=user_id)[0]

            newBlog.pic = submitForm.cleaned_data['pic']

            newBlog.title = submitForm.cleaned_data['title']

            newBlog.content = submitForm.cleaned_data['content']



            newBlog.save()

            return redirect(reverse('blogapp:bloglist')) #重定向到博客首页



        else:

            return render(request,'blogapp/editblog.html',{'blogform':submitForm,'id':id})



#删除博客内容

def delBlog(request):

    isPassed,next=checkLogin(request.session)

    if not isPassed:

        return next

    if request.method == 'GET':

        blogId = request.GET.get('blogid',0)

        blog = models.Blog.objects.get(pk=blogId)

        if blog.authorId == request.session['user_id']:

            blog.isDelete=0

            blog.save()

            blog = models.Blog.objects.all().filter(isDelete=1)

            return redirect(reverse('blogapp:bloglist')) #重定向到博客首页

        else:

            return HttpResponse('抱歉，您无权进行此操作！！！')





#查找博客内容

def search(request):

    isPassed,next=checkLogin(request.session)

    if not isPassed:

        return next

    userId = request.session.get('user_id')

    #得到关键词

    keyword = request.GET.get('keyword',None)

    # 查找authorId和session中和user_id一致的博客

    list = models.Blog.objects.filter(authorId=userId).filter(isDelete=1).filter(title__contains=keyword)

    #注意这里的title__contains是双划线

    return render(request, 'blogapp/bloglist.html', {'blogs': list})
  • APP下的urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url

from views import user_views,blog_views





urlpatterns=[

    url(r'^register/$',user_views.register,name='blogregister'),

    url(r'^login/$',user_views.login,name='bloglogin'),

    url(r'^addblog/$',blog_views.addBlog,name='addblog'),

    url(r'^bloglist/$',blog_views.list,name='bloglist'),

    url(r'^detailblog/$',blog_views.detailBlog,name='detailblog'),

    url(r'^editblog/$', blog_views.editBlog, name='editblog'),

    url(r'^delblog/$', blog_views.delBlog, name='delblog'),

    url(r'^search/$',blog_views.search,name='search'),

    url(r'^logout/$',user_views.logout,name='logout'),

    



]
  • models.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from __future__ import unicode_literals



from django.db import models



# Create your models here.

class User(models.Model):

    userName = models.CharField(max_length=10)

    password = models.CharField(max_length=10)



class Blog(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=20)

    content = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    pic = models.ImageField(upload_to='mypics/')

    authorId = models.IntegerField()

    isDelete = models.BooleanField(default=1)
  • 项目下的urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url,include

from django.contrib import admin

from django.conf.urls.static import static

from django.conf import settings



urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^blogapp/',include('blogapp.urls',namespace='blogapp')),

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),



]+ static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
  • settings.py文件中加入以下内容
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media')



#INSTALLED_APPS中加入app名

INSTALLED_APPS = [



    'blogapp',

]



SESSION_SERIALIZER='django.contrib.sessions.serializers.PickleSerializer'

效果展示：

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