今天跟大家分享常用的几种柱形图衍生图表美化技巧——簇状柱形图、堆积柱形图、百分比堆积柱形图。
以下是手动创建的案例数据：
data<-data.frame(Name = c("苹果","谷歌","脸书","亚马逊","腾讯"),
Conpany = c("Apple","Google","Facebook","Amozon","Tencent"),
Sale2015 = c(5000,3500,2300,2100,3100),
Sale2016 = c(5050,3800,2900,2500,3300))
由于今天的案例数据中有两个年份的数据，其实算是汇总过的二维表（宽数据），不符合R语言ggplot2图表数据源的结构（一维表、长数据），所以需要使用reshape2包中的melt函数对数据进行重塑，将其变为长数据进行作图：
library(reshape2)
mydata <- melt(data1,id.vars="Conpany",variable.name="Year",value.name="Sale")
接下来就要使用语法作图喽，一定要瞪大眼睛哦~
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="dodge")
套用主题：
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="dodge")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_wsj()+
scale_fill_wsj()
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="dodge")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_wsj()+
scale_fill_wsj("rgby", "")
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="dodge")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_wsj()+scale_fill_wsj("rgby", "")+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="dodge")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_economist(base_size=14)+
scale_fill_economist()+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))
堆积柱形图套用主题：
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="stack")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_wsj()+scale_fill_wsj("rgby", "")+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="stack")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_economist(base_size=14)+
scale_fill_economist()+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))
百分比堆积柱形图套用主题：
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="fill")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_wsj()+scale_fill_wsj("rgby", "")+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="fill")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_economist(base_size=14)+
scale_fill_economist()+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))
将以上所有图表通过添加旋转参数调整为条形图：
簇状条形形图：
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="dodge")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_wsj()+scale_fill_wsj("rgby", "")+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))+
coord_flip()
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="dodge")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_economist(base_size=14)+
scale_fill_economist()+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))+
coord_flip()
堆积条形图：
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="stack")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_wsj()+scale_fill_wsj("rgby", "")+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))+
coord_flip()
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="stack")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_economist(base_size=14)+
scale_fill_economist()+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))+
coord_flip()百分比堆积条形图：
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="fill")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_wsj()+scale_fill_wsj("rgby", "")+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))+
coord_flip()
ggplot(mydata,aes(Conpany,Sale,fill=Year))+
geom_bar(stat="identity",position="fill")+
ggtitle("The Financial Performance of Five Giant")+
theme_economist(base_size=14)+
scale_fill_economist()+
theme(axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,'cm'))+
guides(fill=guide_legend(title=NULL))+
coord_flip()
以上还有好多可以修改的细节，比如旋转参数只旋转了绘图区，而x轴刻度线以及Y轴网格线仍然没有调整。
我是分割线~