Python模拟登陆 —— 征服验证码 10 知乎（倒立文字验证码）

作者：SeanCheney

來源：简书 

# 登录知乎，通过保存验证图片方式

import urllib.request

import urllib.parse

import time

import http.cookiejar



webUrl = "https://www.zhihu.com/login/email"#不能写https://www.zhihu.com/#signin因为不支持重定向



webheader = {

    # 'Accept': 'text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*',

    # 'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN',

    # 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko',

    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/56.0.2924.87 Mobile Safari/537.36',

    # 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5',

    # 'DNT': '1',

    # 'Connection': 'Keep-Alive'

    }

    

postData = {

    'email': '在这里写你的账号',

    'captcha_type': 'cn',

    'password': '在这里写你的密码',

    '_xsrf': '',

    'captcha': ''

}

localStorePath = "写你想保存的验证码图片的地址"



if __name__ == '__main__':

    #声明一个CookieJar对象实例来保存cookie

    cookie = http.cookiejar.CookieJar()

    #创建opener

    handler = urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie)

    opener = urllib.request.build_opener(handler)#建立opener对象，并添加头信息

    urllib.request.install_opener(opener) 

    

    captcha_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r=%d&type=login&lang=cn' % (time.time() * 1000)

    # captcha_url = 'http://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r=%d&type=login' % (time.time() * 1000)#这样获得的是“字母+数字验证码”



    #这个获取验证码图片的方法是不行的！

    # urllib.request.urlretrieve(captcha_url, localStorePath + 'myCaptcha.gif')

    

    #用urlopen函数保存验证图片

    req = urllib.request.Request(url=captcha_url,headers=webheader)

    content = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

    # content = opener.open(req)

    captcha_name = 'D:/Python学习/crawler_learning/知乎登录专题研究/知乎验证码图片/myNewCaptcha.gif'

    content = content.read()

    with open(captcha_name, 'wb') as f:

        f.write(content)

    

    postData['captcha'] = input('请输入验证码')

    # postData['_xsrf'] = get_xsrf()

    postData['_xsrf'] = 'fa5ae712244bd4287e371801052003fc'

    print(postData['_xsrf'])

    

    #用urlopen函数传送数据给服务器实现登录

    postData_encoded = urllib.parse.urlencode(postData).encode('utf-8')

    req = urllib.request.Request(url=webUrl,data=postData_encoded,headers=webheader)

    webPage = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

    # webPage = opener.open(req)

    data = webPage.read().decode('utf-8')

    

    print(data)

    with open("D:/知乎服务器反馈的内容.txt",mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as dataFile:

        dataFile.write(data)

参考：
http://blog.csdn.net/hudeyu777/article/details/76706007
http://www.jianshu.com/p/50c5815bb60b#